D3 ENGLISH: ITS vs IT'S

10th May 2021

ITS versus IT'S

 - ITS menunjukkan KEPUNYAAN.  Sesuatu/seseorang yang menjadi kepunyaan kepada SESUATU BENDA/OBJEK.  

tips:   Pikir satu benda, dan apa yang menjadi kepunyaan benda tu kita gunakan its.

The cat is mine and ITS kittens are very cute. (anak kucing kepunyaan kucing itu)

I watched a movie and its director is Christopher Nolan.

I watch a very interesting program on tv but its script is bad. (the script BELONGS to the movie)

- IT’S = ‘IT IS’ (keadaan sesuatu).    

IT’S hot today and I am very thirsty. 

Sentence samples:

ITS

- The car is nice and ITS key is on my desk. (its key = kunci kereta)

- She gave me a book and ITS cover is very beautiful. (its cover = kulit buku)

- That computer was broken and ITS charger is inside my drawer.

-  This house is for sale. You may contact ITS owner if you wish to buy it.

- The camera is expensive and ITS image is marvelous.

- Siti has a cat, its name is Johny.  

- Our school library is small yet its selection of books varies

IT'S

- The dress is mine and IT’S quite expensive. 

- IT’S a very interesting show. 

- The BSH cat is cute but IT'S slightly expensive.

-  IT'S hot and sunny this morning

-  IT'S a funny movie and I can't stop watching it.

- Mummy bakes a cake and it's yummy!

- It's going to rain so you'd better bring an umbrella.

Grammar points:

- SHE GIVES (kalau she, he it, verb dia mesti ada 's' untuk Present tense)

She gives me a blouse...

The school needs to...

- May Allah BLESS you all... lepas 'May'  kita gunakan verb dalam bentuk asal

- We always say it belongs ✔️  not its belong ❌

- a lot of work OR lots of work 

- kalau you mean 'glasses' kena ada 's' ya.. spectacles.

- bila gunakan objek like 'new dress' mesti ada a/the ya... in which case is I bought a new dress...

- you'd = you should; we'd = we should

It's going to rain soon, so we'd better stay indoor.

It's going to rain so you'd better bring an umbrella.

- shine vs shiny

Shine tu kata kerja.    Verb.   The stars shine so gloriously tonight.

Shiny tu kata sifat. Adjective. The shoes are so shiny.

D2 ENGLISH: SPEAKING DAY

 

9th May 2021

It's speaking day, so not much grammar point.

Grammar Points:

Adjective 

Ada bentuk biasa mcm thin,clear,etc Ada hujung bentuk -ed mcm excited, tired, ada hujung bentuk -ing, mcm exciting,appetizing,tiring etc

Appetizing ni Adjective bukan verb -ing

The soup looks appetizing (appetizing as Adjective )

Appetizing tak boleh jadi present tense sebab dia bukan Verb 

Pronounce

Miss for an unmarried lady,   Ms if you don't know she is married or not. Sama sebutan, berbeza dalam penulisan.

Mdm / Mrs for married lady.

D1 ENGLISH: INTRODUCTION DAY

 First formal class with Mdm Aslinda via Whatsapp Group on 8th May 2021. 

Day 1 is self-introduction day.

Grammar Points:

- 'also' after 'am': I am also a betta fish breeder.

- "I am a caregiver to my Mom, a stroke person" or "I am a caregiver to my mom who is a stroke patient"

*Additional note:  

If you can replace the word with “he”' or “'she,” use who. Who should be used to refer to the subject of a sentence.

If you can replace it with “him” or “her,” use whom.  Whom should be used to refer to the object of a verb or preposition.

- include "a/an" when talking about someone or for who we are: I am a babysitter; I am a businessman; I am an engineer.

- setiap ayat ada kata kerja: "I am a student in Form 1" ==> in this sentence, 'am' is verb (kata kerja)

- 'an' before word that start with vowel (a, e, i, o, u)

- a or an before H is depends on the way we pronounce the word. Sometimes it's pronunciation-influenced rather than grammar-influenced

- house is a specific building, so we say "tidying the house"

- working IN school

- "I am an introvert and I love reading" [one is adjective, another is verb, thus both need I]

- ayat gabungan yang sama bentuk, boleh buang "a" for second & third person:

I am a salesperson, I am a wife, I am a mother ➡️ I am a sales persons, a wife and mother to my lovely son.

- most verb have ~ing: listening to radio; i like swimming; i like sketching

- I am staying at...: after am, verb~ing

- when stating hobby reading novels, must be plural form as we read a lot of novels, not just 1

- plural form: various odd jobs; foreign languages

- careful when using 'pet' as verb. Some animal like fish, we cannot pat them, so we can't pet fish (as verb). 

1) I pet cat and fish ❌

2) I have a cat and a fish as pets ✔️

- lepas due to mesti guna kumpulan kata nama, jadi boleh guna bacause atau as sebagai ganti:

"I want to improve my English Language as my current portfolio requires me to deal with foreign people".

- 'Even though' and 'but' cannot be in one sentence:

"Even though my English writing is not excellent, I always read novels to improve my English"

- everyday = harian; every day = setiap hari

1) She wears her everyday clothes to the important function.

2) She walks to her office every day.

Note: this * additional note is from my own Google search 😅

D2 Mandarin: Studying Chinese

ChineseClass101 Absolute Beginners Season 1 Lesson 4

你是学生吗？

Nǐ shì xuéshēng ma?

Are you a student?

对。我学中文。你呢？

Duì. Wǒ xué Zhōngwén. Nǐ ne?

Yes, I study Chinese. How about you?

我是老师。

Wǒ shì lǎoshī.

你可以教我中文!

Nǐ kěyǐ jiāo wǒ Zhōngwén!

You can teach me Chinese!

Sample sentences

她是大学学生。

Tā shì dàxué xuéshēng.

She is a university student.

你在学什么?

Nǐ zài xué shénme?

You in study what? ➡️ What are you studying?

张老师很忙。

Zhāng lǎoshī hěn máng.

Teacher Zhang is very busy.

我较中文。

Wǒ jiāo Zhōngwén.

I teach Chinese.

对，我是美国人。

Duì, wǒ shì Měiguórén.

Yes, I am American.

我不学中文

Wǒ bù xué Zhōngwén.

I don't study Chinese.

你可以叫我丽丽。

Nǐ kěyǐ jiào wǒ Lìly.

You can call me Lili.

Hanzi note:

叫 = jiào = call

较 = jiāo = to teach

是 = shì = to be

师 = shī = teacher/master

学 = to study

学生 = xuéshēng = student

大学 = dàxué = lit: big study = university

Extra Note:

中文 = Zhōngwen = lit: Chinese text; but use to refer both spoken & written form of language. All different dialects are Zhōngwen, while commonly refer to Mandarin.

普通话 = Pǔtōnghua = lit: the common language = official language of Mainland China.

*If you want to compare langguage, for example with English or Japanese, use Zhōngwen.

* If use to compare dialects like Cantonese, use Pǔtōnghua.

汉语 = Hànyu = lit: Han language = Mandarin. 

Hànyu & Pǔtōnghua is pretty much the same, but Pǔtōnghua is more standard & better pronounce than Hànyu.

国语 = guó yǔ = lit: national language. 

Guó yǔ and pǔ tōng huà are also essentially the same. guó yǔ is used by Taiwan and sometimes Hong Kong to refer to Mandarin.

huá yǔ (华语) / huá wén (华文)

These two terms also refer to standard Mandarin but are used in Southeast Asia, particularly in Singapore and Malaysia. Both countries have adopted Mainland China’s pǔ tōng huà (普通话) along with simplified characters rather than traditional. huá yǔ (华语) / huá wén (华文) refer exclusively to spoken and written language.

Other dialects language name:

Hokkien 福建话 (Fújiàn Huà) 

Cantonese 广东话 (Guǎngdōng huà) 

Teochew 潮州話 (Cháozhōu huà) 

Hakka 客家话 (Kèjiā Huà) 

Hainanese 海南语 (Hǎinán Yǔ)

*Note that the huà character here is different than huá in huáyu character.

Reference:

YoyoChinese

D2 Mandarin: Like Chinese food?

ChineseClass101: Absolute Beginners Season 1 Lesson 3

你喜欢中国吗?

Nǐ xǐhuān Zhōngguó ma?

Do you like China?

喜欢

xǐhuān

Like

你喜欢中国菜吗?

Nǐ xǐhuān Zhōngguó cài ma?

Do you like China food?

也喜欢

Yě xǐhuān

Also like

Vocabulary Phase

中国 = Zhōngguó = China

中国人 = Zhōngguó rén = Chinese person

中国菜 = Zhōngguó cài = Chinese food

Grammar: 

Yes or No question: Add 吗 (ma) at the end of the sentence.

To answer, repeat the verb from question, e.g: xǐhuān.

To give negative answer, use 不 (bù). Example: 不喜欢 (bù xǐhuān)

也 (yě) = too / also

Sample sentences

中国菜很好吃。

Zhōngguó cài hěn hǎochī.

Chinese food is delicious.

咖啡也好。

Kāfēi yě hǎo.

Coffee is good too.

你去过中国吗?

Nǐ qù guò Zhōngguó ma?

Have you been to China before?

你是加拿大人吗?

Nǐ shì Jiānádàrén ma?

Are you Canadian?

他也是澳大利亚人。

Tā yě shì Àodàlìyà rén.

Day 1 Absolute Beginner Mandarin

 Today lesson consist of:

• ChineseClass101 Absolute Beginner S1L1

你好，你叫什么名字?

Nǐhǎo, nǐ jiào shénme míngzì?

Hello, you called what name?

➡️ Hello, what is your name?

我叫...

Wǒ jiào...

I'm called...

我 = wǒ = I

我们 = wǒmen = we, us

你 = nǐ = you

您 = nín = you (formal)

你们 = nǐmen = you (plural)

他 = tā = he, him

她 = tā = she, her

它 = tā = it

他们 / 她们 = tāmen = they, them

好 = hǎo = good

Sample sentences

是你吗?

Shì nǐ ma?

Is it you?

你说什么?

Nǐ shuō shénme?

You say what? ➡️ What did you say?

我忘记他的名字。

Wǒ wàngji tāde míngzì.

I forget his name.

我的朋友很帅。

Wǒ de péngyǒu hěn shuài.

☆꧁✬◦°˚°◦.  .◦°˚°◦✬꧂☆

• ChineseClass101 Absolute Beginner S1L12

你是哪国人?

Nǐ shì nǎ guó rén?

You is which country person? ➡️ Which country are you from?

我是美国人。你呢?

Wǒ shì Měiguórén. Nǐ ne?

I am American. And you?

Word order: subject + verb + object

呢 = to form follow up question. Example: Ni ne?, Tāmen ne?.

哪 = na / něi = which

国 = country, state (add this to country / state name)

Country name + 人 (ren / person) = citizenship

Sample sentences

他是我哥哥。

Tā shì wǒ gēge.

He is my older brother.

这是什么国家?

Zhè shì shénme guójiā?

This is what county? ➡️ What county is this?

中国人很多。

Zhōngguóren hěnduō.

There are many Chinese people.

他们都是中国人。

Tāmen dōu shì Zhōngguóren.

They are all Chinese people.

我应该用哪吧钥匙?

Wǒ yinggāi yòng nǎ bǎ yàoshi?

I should use which key? ➡️ Which key should I use?

Day 15 [Thursday, 25/06/15]: Deutsch 2nd Lesson

DAY 15: Khamis, 25 Jun 2015. 8th Ramadan

Greetings:
guten morgen - good morning
guten Tag - good day
gute nacht - good night

Ich = Saya
Sie = Awak (formal)
du = Kau (informal)

kebanyakan Kata kerja berakhir "en", contoh:
makan = Essen
minum = trinken
pergi = gehen
mahu = mochten
berlari = laufen
Extra note: This is infinitive verb: verb in it's raw, natural state. In German it usually end with 'en'. In English, infinitives start with to (to go, to eat, to drink, to laugh, etc].

kalau Ich, drop n [biasa berakhir dengan e]:
Ich gehe = Aku pergi
Ich trinke = Aku minum
Ich laufe = aku berlari

ich esse = Aku makan
Ich mochte ... = Aku mahu ...
Ich mochte Essen = Aku mahu makan
*bila ada dua kata kerja dalam satu ayat, hanya kata kerja pertama yang di-conjugate.

kalau du, drop en, tambah st [biasa berakhir dengan st atau βt]
Ayat tanya: du selepas kata kerja (conjugate) + another kata kerja (raw):
mochtest du ~ (mahukah Kau ~)
mochtest du Essen = mahukah kau makan?
mochtest du Laufen = mahukah kau berlari?

Ayat penyata: du di depan sebelum kata kerja:
du gehst = Kau pergi
du trinkst = Kau minum

Du isst = Kau makan (special case Essen jadi isst)

Sample of basic rules, depends on 'who' related in the sentence:
Machen = to make
Ich mache = I make
Du machst = you make
Er / es / sie macht = it make [er - masculine, es - neuter, sie - feminine noun]
wir machen = We make
Ihr macht = You (all) make
Sie / sie machen = She (formal) / They make

Extra notes: Different way of saying you:
du - talking to one friend, informal
Sie - talking to a person in formal way [capital S, lowercase sie = she]
Ihr - talking to group of people

Example:
Sie gehen zum verkaufstelle = Awak pergi ke kedai [no conjugation for Sie]
Du gehst zum verkaufstelle = Kau pergi ke kedai
Ich gehe zum verkaufstelle = Saya pergi ke kedai

have = haben
I have = Ich habe
You have = du hast (special case buang 'b')

Asas kata tanya:
wo = where
wer = who
was = what
wenn = when
wie viel = how much
--> Wie viel Uhr? = how much time? / what is the time?

Was mochtest du? = what you want?
Wie gehts dir? - How are you?
wie alt bist du? - How old are you
Wo wohnst du? - Di mana kau tinggal
*remember in question, 'du' is after the verb.

Sample:
Ich mochte gehen = I want to go
Wo gehst du? = Where you want to go?
Ich mochte zum bazaar Ramadhan gehen. = I want to go to Bazaar Ramadhan.
*If there are 2 verbs in one santence, the second verb will be push at the end of sentence.
zum = to (place)

GENDER IN DEUTSCH:

Masculine: der
Femenine: die
Neuter: das

Cara tanya soalan: "hallo, ich habe eine Frage"
Habe = have
Eine = a
Frage = question

a:
Femenine: Die ➡ eine
Masculine: Der ➡ ein
Neuter: Das ➡ ein

Die Wasser = the water
I drink water:
1) ich trinke eine Wasser
2) trinke ich die Wasser

Bis = until
Bist = are
Gehts = khabar
Gehst = pergi (untuk kau)

Genau = exactly
richtig = betul
Sehr = sangat
alles = all
klar = fine
tut mir leid = I am sorry
langsam bitte = slowly please

---
Random word translated with google translate:
wie geht es Ihnen = how is it going?
was machst du von Beruf? = What is your job?
Vielen Dank = Many thanks.
Viel Spass beim lernen = have fun with your study
Guten Appetit = Enjoy your meal

*Note finally done on 26/12/2015, 7pm.